Sunday, March 18, 2007

Trivia question: What is "shewbread"?


Trivia question for New Testament Lesson 10: What is the “shewbread” (pronounced “showbread”) mentioned by Jesus in Matthew 12:3-4?

Jesus defended his and his disciples' actions when they picked some grain on the Sabbath as they traveled through the fields by comparing it to an event in the Old Testament in which David in a time of emergency ate shewbread from the temple, which was ordinarily reserved only for the priests (recorded in 1 Samuel 21:1-6). By using this comparison, Jesus demonstrated that the law of charity overrides every ritual law – the letter of the law vs. the spirit of the law. "I will have mercy, and not sacrifice" he says in verse 4.

So just what is shewbread? It is the twelve cakes or loaves of bread which were continually present in the temple on the Table of Shewbread as an offering to God. In the shewbread the 12 tribes were perpetually presented before God. Each Sabbath fresh loaves replaced the old, which then belonged to the priests, who were required to eat them in a holy place (i.e. in the temple), since the bread was holy.

The name means “bread of the presence,” signifying that it was placed in the presence of Jehovah. The bread was made without leaven (so it would have been more like crackers than bread as we know it.) Leviticus 24:5-9 describes the requirements for making, stacking and eventually eating the shewbread.

The Shewbread was offered on behalf of the children of Israel as a “berit 'olam”, an “eternal, or everlasting, covenant”.